In Ancient Greece, sophism was practiced – these were methods of reasoning when incorrect, false premises were interpreted as true facts. They arose from the application of practices of thought and conclusions for dishonest purposes or to prove their absurdity. Sophistry was revealed. But later they were replaced by a generation of philosophers who played on uncertainty. They could prove any statement using inferences through indirect premises, for example, proving that milk is black through mixing white and black.

Even later, the next generation of philosophers, through uncertainties of a higher order, was able to come to the idea that it is possible to prove any one’s own position, belief from the conditions of one’s own beliefs, subjectivity, but also because of the uncertainty of such global concepts as God, truth, truth, life and etc.

And finally, philosopher-sages arose who perverted the very concept of philosophy. They are no longer sophists, they do not prove that milk is black, but they give, under their own philosophy, under the definition of things, such tertiary properties that on the one hand, consumers of this philosophy see a deep thought and are drawn to it, on the other hand, they see a non-obvious thought chain (which also fascinates with its novelty and freshness), and, finally, it is believable. But the ideas are not alive. After their lectures and reasoning, neither new knowledge nor rational grain arises from the ideas received. These are empty ideas. At least they are fair.